Chemical Process for Obtaining Glass with a Total or Partial Satin/Matte Finish Comprising Immersion in an Acid Solution, for Simultaneous and Continuous Production

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a chemical process for obtaining glass with a total or partial satin/matte finish, comprising immersion in an acid solution, for the simultaneous and continuous production of one or more parts and/or sheets of glass having standard, special or variable dimensions, thicknesses, colours, uses and applications. The inventive process can be used to obtain glass with a total or partial satin/matte finish in a simultaneous and continuous manner either on one or both sides of the glass (atmospheric side and tinned side) or of several glass sheets and/or parts at the same time, with different thicknesses, measurements, colours, uses, specifications and characteristics, said process being performed simultaneously by means of immersion. According to the invention, containers of glass sheets are immersed in containers of chemical solutions using a variable-speed transport immersion crane. The aforementioned containers are encapsulated such that the process can be controlled fully (safety, quality and environment). The inventive system also comprises a drying chamber. The purpose of the process is to enable the versatile, cost-effective, efficient, productive production of a glass with a total or partial satin/matte finish, having the above-mentioned characteristics and using different types of glass, with improved quality on one or both sides thereof, while guaranteeing full physical and environmental safety, since each of the operations in the process is fully and safely controlled.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

A production process for obtaining glass with satin/matte finish,comprising immersion and acid solution is more efficient than heretoforeknown processes. The inventive process minimizes the waste of thematerials and the costs because the use of fully-loaded containers inaddition the product has better quality than others due to that weproduce glass with a total or partial satin/matte finish in one or bothsides of the sheet of glass (atmospheric side and tinned side), moreoverits risk of production is smaller due to the manipulation is not direct.The process comprising immersion in an acid solution, and simultaneousand continuous manner, because it uses one or several pieces of glass atthe same time, since the acid solutions always remain in the containersand these chemical solutions are not degraded. Both the chemicalsolutions containers and the glass pieces and/or sheets containers (usedfor the transportation and immersion of the glass pieces) are coatedwith special resistant material to the acid attack allowing the processby immersion.

2. Background Art

These products were developed for covering expectations in both nationaland international market for processing the glass sheets from Mexico andsatisfying special and variable market. In Mexico and in severalcountries this satin/matte process does not exist, it means this processis novel.

For obtaining products from float glass we have used sheets of floatglass which are produced by flotation of melted glass on a bed of tin asshown in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 shows a lateral view of this process ofmanufacture of float plane glass; this process comprises the rawmaterials that constitute the float glass are mixed previously beforeentering the melting furnace (1), where liquid glass is formed (2), thisglass goes towards the tin bath (3) where the glass floats on the liquidtin bed (4) forming the sheet of glass with the required thickness, (5)then cooled for later cut according to the required dimensions. Theglass sheets have two sides, one of them was in contact with liquid tin(tinned side) and the other one was in contact with the atmosphere(atmospheric side) in the melting furnace.

The traditional method for obtaining satin/matte glass is made placingthe piece of glass on a special table, only the superior side(atmospheric side) will be in contact with the solution or paste, andthe other side will be sealed for avoiding the contact with the chemicalsolution; this seal is wax put on the periphery edge. The time ofcontact is variable and when the process is finished the chemicalsolution or paste is transferred to another container, then the glasspiece is washed for eliminating the acid residues spilt them on acontainer like waste. By means of this procedure it is not possible totreat the tinned side of glass piece, because in this side are adheredthe residues of tin and they do not allow the attack of the solutions inhomogenous form, besides just one piece and one side must be treated pertime, the materials are missing during the process, the risk ofmanipulation by acid solution is higher, so that the traditional processhas poor yield, quality, high cost and risk for manipulation. The priorart do not describe any information about chemical agents nor processes,that divulge methods or systems for producing glass with satin/mattefinish with high quality, smooth texture, with sight and tact pleasantappearance, by one or both sides of the glass (atmospheric side andtinned side) of any thicknesses and colors, as this invention refers. Ithas been very important to use materials resistant to acid attack, manyof them were tested by us like polymers and copolymers, the materialthat we propose in this invention it has been the better at the moment,which is described ahead. The purpose of the process is to enable theversatile, cost-effective, efficient, productive production of a glasswith a total or partial satin/matte finish, having the above-mentionedcharacteristics and using different types of glass, with improvedquality on one or both sides thereof, while guaranteeing full physicaland environmental safety, since each of the operations in the process isfully and safely controlled, for example the workers do not have directcontact with the process and the environmental risks are lower due touse the encapsulated containers for the chemical solutions. So that,this patent present a process of immersion like so, which coveredcontainers and design permit to manipulate chemical solutions, and theformulation of the solutions are the development of our invention, aswell as the product obtained: the glass with satin/matte finish.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

FIG. 1. The figure shows the tin chamber and smelting furnace forobtaining float glass.

FIG. 2. The figure shows the sheets of glass container used fortreatment by immersion.

FIG. 3. The figure shows the “flag” type system, for loading andunloading the sheets of glass.

FIG. 4. The figure shows the vertical form for taking the sheets.

FIG. 5. The figure shows the angle-like loading of the glass sheets.

FIG. 6. The figure shows the horizontal loading of the glass sheets.

FIG. 7. The figure shows how is loading and unloading of the glasssheets in the glass pieces and/or sheets container.

FIG. 8. The figure shows the glass pieces and/or sheets container withloaded glass.

FIG. 9. The figure shows pneumatic seal with suction cups for joiningtwo sheets of glass, by means of vacuum pressure for treating the glasssheets with satin/matte finish.

FIG. 10. The figure shows the seal of two sheets of glass by sticky tapefor joining the sheets for treating them with satin/matte finish.

FIG. 11. The figure shows the protection of the sheets of glass byadhesive film roll.

FIG. 12. The figure shows the encapsulated containers of chemicalsolutions used in this process.

FIG. 13. The figure shows the gas washer (degassing).

FIG. 14. The figure shows containers of chemical solutions.

FIG. 15. The figure shows hydro pneumatic wash system.

FIG. 16. The figure shows the high density polyethylene or polypropylenepneumatic pump.

FIG. 17. The figure shows the continuous dryer “tunnel” type.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

We desire to claim in this patent the chemical process for obtainingfloat glass with satin/matte finish, comprising immersion in an acidsolution, for simultaneous and continuous production in a total orpartial glass sheets for producing one or several pieces of glass withdifferent dimensions, thicknesses, colors, standard uses andapplications; said glass sheets may be treated in both sides,atmospheric side and tinned side, or just in one of them; of indistinctmanner. The glasses produced by said process are characteristics,besides the equipment, apparatuses, and materials were speciallydesigned for this process. We describe below each one.

The chemical process for obtaining glass with satin/matte finish of oneor several pieces has the following stages:

-   -   a) reception of glass pieces and/or sheets,    -   b) loading of the glass pieces and/or sheets into the glass        containers,    -   c) processing of the glass pieces and/or sheets by immersion in        acid solution,    -   d) drying of the glass pieces and/or sheets,    -   e) unloading of the glass pieces and/or sheets from its        containers.

a) Reception of the Glass Pieces and/or Sheets

A stock of glass pieces and/or sheets is received in specially designedtrucks. An adapted crane is used to unload the truck; this “bridge” typecrane has 3 tons in capacity, 15 meters in width, 20 meters in lengthand 5 meters in height; it has a microelevation speed of 0.5 meters perminute, elevation speed is variable from 0.5 meters per minute to 5.2meters per minute; also a motor reducer speed is variable from 5.1meters per minute to 15.4 meters per minute. The same “bridge” typecrane is used for loading the packages of satin/matte glass on trucks,for delivering, distributing and transporting them. The crane used forloading and unloading allows fast processing of the glass. It isnoteworthy that the absence of the above mentioned crane would increaseoperations time and associated costs. Also, physical risk for thepersonnel and the materials is minimized. Glass pieces and/or sheets areunloading from to the truck to be stored in special containers forfurther processing

b) Loading of the Glass Pieces and/or Sheets into the Glass Containers

To convey glass pieces and/or sheets during the production process, aspecially designed container is used to allow us fast processing of theglass on both sides (tinned side and atmospheric side) simultaneously.This way allows a higher production rate in contrast to thealready-known traditional process; it also minimizes personnel risksince there is no direct manipulation. Glass pieces and/or sheets arevertically placed in the special container with 2500 Kg of load as shownin FIG. 2 and by means of a traveling crane; the glass is ready for theimmersion process.

The specially-designed containers are made of rectangular tubular steelprofile (ptr) of 7.62 centimeters per 5.08 centimeters and its uniquedesign can hold static and dynamic stresses that are present during theproduction process. The glass pieces and/or sheets container has 295centimeters in height, 360 centimeters in length and 69 centimeters inwidth; into the glass sheets can be collocated, their dimensions can bevariable form higher standard (360 per 260 centimeters) to smallersheets; their types, thicknesses and colors can be different; thischaracteristic is due to inferior supports, located on the base, thatcan be put the pieces in any position. This container has a movabledouble pivot (10) to manipulate small pieces, which is removable tomanipulate sheets of 360 centimeters. It can be modifiable the glasspieces and or/sheets containers according to necessities. In itsinferior position 3 supports are collocated, which are made ofpolypropylene plate however may be used any resistant polymer to acidattack, said supports are grooved and each one has 59 centimeters inlength and 5.08 centimeters in high with separation of 3 centimetersbetween each groove, which permit the flow solutions onto the glass,each groove receive each piece or sheet. The lateral position of thecontainer has movable simple pivots (7) are made of polypropylene orhigh density polyethylene plate and bar, because they are resistant tothe acid attack, each one of said pivots can turn on its axis, to put onvertical position for receiving the glass sheets, and soon happen passto a horizontal position to maintain them (9); when the small sheets aremanipulated, a movable double pivot is collocated in the middle of thecontainer and can turn on its axis, said pivot is made of polypropyleneor high density polyethylene plate and bar because these materials areresistant to acid attack, using this pivot, the container can be dividedin two parts, each part can put independent sheets. The superiorposition of container has 2 hooks to balance the container load and tohold said container onto traveling crane “bridge” type for transportingand immersing the glass sheets in to the solution containers; itsgravity center was calculated for stabilizing totally the container.

The glass pieces and/or sheets container resist the chemical treatmentby having a covering with an accelerated thyxotropic polyester resin inconjunction with the catalyst methyl-ethyl-ketone peroxide in dimethylftalate at 50%.

The load of glass pieces and/or sheets is storage into the trestle, bymanual or pneumatic way. The pneumatic way consists of 6 pneumaticcupping glasses connected to a vacuum pump of ¼ of H.P. with capacityuntil 500 kilograms, the cupping are located on framework speciallydesigned to permit it entrance to the container (13), said cuppingsystem has flexible movements due to turn 360° since they are placed toan endless bullet mold by means of a cable to the chain-hoist (15); saidchain-hoist is in the riel of “flag” type crane (14), this cuppingsystem is versatile because take the glass sheets in vertical form (FIG.2), horizontal form (FIG. 5), or any ankle (FIG. 6), and runs in bothdirections from one side to another to take or to deposit the glasssheets by means the net trole (FIG. 7).

The crane enlistment the container once the container is loaded with theglass sheets, and is ready for the process

Approximately, we process 2500 Kg per container by 1 hour and 20minutes, or 2106 Kg of glass sheets per hour, this capacity may beincreased according to production necessities.

The container permit to process any kind of glass pieces or sheets,totally or partially as: recordable, paints or any form, on any side ofthe float glass at room temperature. It is possible to satin/matte twomirror sheets or two float glass sheets, united by the coat of paintside (to protect it) (20) or any sides if float glass sheets aretreated, using a pneumatic seal (16) with vacuum pressure (17) by meansof valve (18), this seal join perfectly both sheets. Said pneumatic sealis made with nitrile rubber or synthetic seal (Viton™); said materialsare resistant to acid attack (FIG. 9). This process could be made withtwo sticky tapes one of them with adhesion in both sides to unite bothsheets and the other type has adhesion just on one side for sealing theedges of the sheets (FIG. 10). This process could be made with theapplication of a seal of auto-adherible polyethylene plastic (21),resistant to acid attack and U.V. protection, with acrylic adhesive(FIG. 11); the sheets edges are re-forced with tape used in airconditioned ducts (22). Depending on the paint, is possible do not useany protection minimizing costs and increasing the productivity.

c) Processing of the Glass Pieces and/or Glass Sheet by Immersion

The total or partial satin/matte chemical process for of glass byimmersion in acid solution for simultaneous and continuous production,of one or several pieces and/or sheet of glass of dimensions,thicknesses, colors, uses and standard, special and variableapplications (FIG. 12); it has sequential seven of chemical solutionscontainer (24) of 4.31 meters in length by 0.96 meters in width and 3.58meters in depth (these are interiors measurements), counting on athickness brick wall of 32 cm. and flattening of 2 cm. of cement withbiphenolic resin and a layer with fiber glass of 0.7 cm. of thickness;said container is covering with of polypropylene or high densitypolyethylene plate of 0.635 cm. of thickness, having the dimensionsnecessary to introduce into the glass pieces and/or sheets container,which can be adaptable to production necessities. For avoiding the acidgas emanation towards to the rest of installation, all these chemicalsolutions containers are isolated by means of an encapsulated systemwhose walls are made of rectangular tubular steel profile covered withpolyethylene (23); besides providing a security process.

This encapsulated system has two curve-slide awnings when the craneenters to chemical solutions containers whose sliding on rails mountedthroughout the lateral walls covering the solutions containers, runningan awning back to crane (25) and the other in front of it (26) sealingcompletely the solutions containers or bathtubs by means of encapsulatedall the process is totally isolated and giving security of personnel,whose have a security equipment eliminating any risk; this system avoidthe corrosive action of the acid solutions.

Said encapsulated system has the gas exit by means of eight extractorstransporting the acid steam (28) towards the gas washers (FIG. 13),having an absorption and neutralization of these acid steam in a volumeof 64000 cubic meters per hour in all system, both gases washing havefour extractors of 0.25 H.P. each one (29); the gas washers have acapacity of 1000 liters, operating with a nominal volume of 220 liters(33); the gas washing solution is sodium hydroxide at 4%; thisextraction allows us to unload to the outer atmosphere a neutral andinert gas by the exit chimneys (22); said chimney has a gas samplingport (32) to evaluate the process analyzing it every 6 months accordingto the environmental Mexican norms (NOM 02). In order to renew and tomaintain the level of the washing solution the system has an accessfloodgate (31), however this capability of system to increase itaccording to the production necessities.

Each chemical solution container has a volume of 13000 liters to roomtemperature for assuring the total glass covered when the immersion ismade. Said solutions containers have a system of agitation and movementwith compressed air provided by a 135 compressor of psi of 30 amperesand 2.5 H.P. for homogenizing the solution and removing the accumulatedremainders.

These chemical solutions containers are under the level of the floor(with 4.5 m in depth) however they could be on the floor level; theseseven containers are constructed of concrete armed with a double wall ofpartition or brick (FIG. 14) with a flattened covering cement type and abiphenolic resin layer with fiber glass; they were constructedcalculating the support mechanical, static and dynamic efforts andpressures exerted on the walls and floor by the fluids contained within.The construction equipment of these chemical solutions containers can beany other that resists the mechanical efforts, dynamic efforts and thepressures exerted in the walls and bottom by the fluids as abovementioned.

The chemical solutions containers are covered with plate ofpolypropylene or high density polyethylene 0.635 cm. of thickness (24)that makes resistant to the acid attack because these materials areinert to used acids, allowing the storage of the solutions per prolongedtime, included several decades.

For the transport and immersion of the glass of pieces and/or sheetcontainer, the traveling “bridge” type crane is used with capacity of 3tons of 15 meters in width by 20 meters in length and 5 meters inheight; said crane has a microelevation, of 0.5 meters per minute andvariable speed of elevation of 5.2 meters per minute and variable-speedof motor reducers advance from 5.2 meters per minute to 15.4 meters perminute (27), the crane runs throughout the encapsulated system makingthe immersion in each one of the bathtubs.

Before initiating the process in the chemical solutions containers theglass pieces are pre-treated with a washing solution that comprising:55% of water deionized to less than 10 microhms, 5% of hydrofluoric acidat 70%, means, 3.5% of acid with 1.5% of water; and 39.5% of dextrosemonohydrate. This solution eliminates all the substances different tothe process.

The first chemical solution container or first stage of the immersion,contains an acid solution that consists of: 3 to 8% of hydrofluoric acidto 70%, equivalent to 2.1% to 5.6% total of hydrofluoric acid; from 3 to8% of hydrochloric acid to 30%, equivalent to 0.9% to 2.4% total ofhydrochloric acid; from 10% to 30% of formic acid to 85%, equivalent to8.5% to 25.5% total of acid formic. These acids previously was dissolvedin water (altogether from 4.5% to 12.5%); 20% to 40% of deionized waterless than 10 micromhs. The solution contains in addition from 20% to 50%of ammonium bifluoride anhydrous and 5% to 25% of dextrose monohydrate.The components were added in this order, being this one the optimalformulation that makes a chemical reaction (chemical attack) on thesurface of the glass pieces and/or sheets by one or both sides(atmospheric side and tinned side), having been indispensable toevaluate the solution acidity, between 4 and 8 miliequivalents perliter, the value of pH must be from 2 to 4, its electrical conductivityis from 700,000 to 900,000 microhms. In this solution the glass pieceswill have the speed of immersion from 5.2 meters per minute and the timeof immersion from 5 minutes to 30 minutes, depending on the opacitydegree if desired in the satin/matte glass.

The second chemical solution container or second stage of the processcontains running water for rising the glass pieces and/or sheets toeliminate the residues of acid solution, its electrical conductivity isevaluated for optimal reaction. This container had installed ahydro-washed system by sprinkling deionized water less than 10 microhms,by automatic and/or manual way at 3000 pounds of pressure and 5 H.P.,illustrated in FIG. 15.

The third chemical solution container contains an acidified solutionthat comprising: 3% to 5% of hydrochloric acid at 30%, equivalent to0.9% to 1.5% total of hydrochloric acid, 3% to 5% of hydrofluoric acidat 70%, equivalent to 2.1% to 3.5% total of hydrofluoric acid. The acidspreviously were diluted, and water is added until a concentration from95% to 97%. This solution stops the chemical reaction on the glass andtotally eliminates the residues of acid solution that can exist, beingindispensable in this container to evaluate the concentration ofsolution that must be from 0.5 to 1.0 miliequivalents per liter, at pHfrom 2.1 to 3.2; and time of immersion can be different from 30 secondsto 3 minutes depending on the number of processed glass sheets; if thenumber of glass increase the solution is degraded; since it is necessaryto stop the acid attack of acids to assure the optimal finished onsatin/matte glass.

The fourth chemical solution container has running water that allows torinse the glass pieces and/or sheet to eliminate the residues of acidsolution, this solution will be evaluated for: its electricalconductivity must be less than 60000 microhms. In this container hadinstalled a hydro-washing system by sprinkling deionized water with less10 microhms, it works when the glass container is leaving the solutioncontainer, by automatic and/or manual way at 3000 pounds of pressure of5 H.P. illustrated in the FIG. 13.

The fifth and sixth chemical solutions containers consist of washingsolution with deionized water less than 10 microhms, eliminates anypossible acid marks on satin/matte glass guaranteeing the safety use.Additionally, also in these containers had installed a hydro-washingsystem by sprinkling deionized water with less than 10 microhms; itworks when the glass container is leaving the solution container, byautomatic and/or manual way at 3000 pounds of pressure of 5 H.P. (FIG.15).

The seventh chemical solution container will be reserved for anyeventuality that appear during the process. The number of the containermay be variable depending on the production necessities.

For the preparation of the solutions used in the process, we used aagitator-tank made of high density polyethylene (inert to thesolutions), with a motor reducers; the capacity of this equipment is of5000 liters, however could be increased according to the productionnecessities; the raw material is put in the tank and when the solutionare prepared they are transported toward chemical container by means ofspecial pumps covered with polypropylene, PVC, or high densitypolyethylene resistant to acid attack (FIG. 16).

For the production of the deionized water used in the process, we have awater deionizer with ionic interchange resins with a normal flow of 22.7liters per minute but the capacity must be to increase according to theproduction necessities.

d) Drying of the Glass Pieces and/or Glass

After chemical processing, the satin/matte glass pieces and/or sheet arepassed from its container to a dried chamber by means a crane; saiddried chamber is specially designed for working between 30 and 60° C.,depending on the production, the dried process is illustrated in FIG.17, it can be a heating system by means of L.P. gas, natural gas and/orelectrical resistance or any other fuel with internal ventilation, thistemperature range being able to increase the process productivity andefficiency.

The drying of the satin glass pieces and/or sheets also can become atroom temperature by means of a vertical or horizontal washing-dryermachine, since washing them again and drying them assuring a greatercleaning. Another form of drying is by means of a furnace type tunneloperated with natural gas, L.P. gas and/or electrical resistance, thequality of the satin/matte glass is not affected.

e) Unloading of the Glass Pieces and/or Sheet from its Containers

Once dried the satin/matte glass pieces are transported toward thetrestle for delivering and distributing them. The unloading of thesatin/matte glass from its containers can be by means of cuppingpneumatic system whose 6 cupping are connected to a vacuum pump of ¼H.P. which is comprised in the system of cranes “flag” type (FIG. 3),with capacity of up to 500 kilograms according to the productionnecessities.

For monitoring, sampling, analyzing and controlling the parametersestablished, each chemical solution container has a laboratory equippedsupport fully process.

Using this chemical process by immersion for treatment total or partialglass with satin/matte finish by immersion in acid solution forsimultaneous and continuous production of one or several pieces and/orsheet of glass of dimensions, thicknesses, colors, uses and standard,special and variable applications, the process is optimized reutilizingthe waste materials; it allows to have a high volume of productionbecause satin/matte one or several pieces and/or sheets is produced onone or both side of the float glass; indistinct manner. The satin/matteglass obtained is with a homogeneous opacity, a smooth texture, fine orrough and degree of opacity can be variable. The raw glass for givingthe satin/matte finish can be: normal glass sheet, beveling, temperingglass, cut glass, drilled glass, laminated glass, serigraphic glass,thermo-formed glass and mirror-like.

The process diminished the risks to acid manipulation because thepersonnel have been trained about dangerous of the solutions andresidues, each stages is carefully made.

The process established in this request is highly better than thealready-known process, for example the traditional process onlysatin/matte the atmospheric side; in contrast our process can besatin/matte both sides included tinned side, besides the process issafety and versatile. It is important consider that the process can beproduced independently of age of the glass.

All and each stages of process are made at room temperature, atatmospheric pressure and relative humidity except the continuous driedchamber.

What is claimed is:
 1. A chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish, comprising immersion in an acid solution, for simultaneous and continuous production in a total or partial sheets of glass for producing at least one glass pieces with a variety of different dimensions, thicknesses, colors, standard uses and applications; said sheets of glass being treated on at least one side of an atmospheric side and a tinned side; the process comprising: a) reception of the glass pieces and/or sheets; b) loading of the glass pieces and/or sheets towards at least one container; c) processing of the glass pieces and/or sheets by immersion in acid solution in the at least one container; d) drying the glass pieces and/or sheets; e) unloading of the glass pieces and/or sheets from its container.
 2. The chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish as in claim 1, wherein the immersion step comprises treating the glass pieces by the immersion of the glass in the following solutions: a) washing and cleaning solution b) acid solution c) washed for rinsing d) acidified solution and washed stop solution e) washed for rinsing f) washing solution g) washing solution (optional)
 3. The chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish as in claim 2, where the composition of washing and cleaning solution consists in 57% of deionized water to less than 10 microhms, 3.5% of hydrofluoric acid and 39.5% of dextrose monohydrate. This solution is a pre-treatment for eliminating all the substances different to the glass.
 4. The chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish as in claim 2, where the acid solution contains: a) from 3% to 8% of hydrofluoric acid at 70%; b) from 3% to 8% of hydrochloric acid at 30%; c) from 10% to 30% of formic acid at 85%; d) from 20% to 40% of deionized water with less than 10 microhms; e) from 20% to 50% of ammonium bifluoride anhydrous; and f) from 5% to 25% of sugar dextrose monohydrate, thereby producing an acidity of 4 to 8 miliequivalents per liter, and an electrical conductivity of from 700,000 to 900,000 microhms, and wherein the speed of immersion of the glass pieces in the acid solution being 5.2 to 19.3 meters per minute and the time of immersion of the sheets of glass within the solution is from of 5 minutes to 30 minutes, depending on the opacity degree desired.
 5. Chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish as in claim 2, where the washed for rising is made by immersion in water and after sprinkling with deionized water. The speed of immersion of the sheets of glass is 5.2 meters per minute and the time of immersion is by intervals of 30 seconds from 3 to 6 times. This is made in containers two and four.
 6. Chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish as in claim 2, where the acidified solution and washed stop solution is prepared from the 3% to 5% of hydrochloric acid at 30%, and from the 3% to 5% of hydrofluoric acid at 70%; this solution stops the chemical reaction on the glass and eliminates the rest of chemical substances adhered to the glass during the process. The speed of immersion of the sheets of glass is of 5.2 meters per minute and the time of immersion is by intervals of 30 seconds of 3 to 6 times, the concentration of the acidified solution must have between 0.5 and 1.0 miliequivalents per liter, equivalent to pH from 2.1 to 3.2.
 7. Chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish as in claim 2, where the washing solution within the containers (5) and (6) contains deionized water; the wash is by immersion and by aspersion; the speed of immersion of the sheets of glass is of 5.2 meters per minute and the time of immersion is by intervals of 30 seconds of 3 to 6 times; this washing eliminates all the impurity from the process; the sheets of glass are clean, neutral, and inert; while guaranteeing full physical and environmental safety for obtaining glass with satin/matte finish.
 8. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion in acid solution for simultaneous and continuous production of one or several pieces or thin sheets of glass of any kind of dimensions, thicknesses, colors, standard uses and applications; said sheets of glass may be treated in both sides, atmospheric side and tinned side, or just in one of them; of indistinct manner; this system comprising: a) Traveling “bridge” type crane for loading and unloading the pieces of glass b) System “flag” type for loading and unloading the pieces of glass c) Container of glass pieces and/or sheets d) Crane and chain-hoist with variable-speed e) Containers of chemical solutions f) Encapsulated of the system g) System of extractors, transporters and washers of gas h) Drying chamber i) Pumps and special equipment for handling the chemical solutions
 9. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, which traveling crane “bridge” type has 3 tons of capacity, 15 meters of width, 20 meters of length and 5 meters in height; it has a microelevation of 0.5 meters per minute, its speed of elevation is variable from 0.5 meters per minute to 5.2 meters per minute; its speed of motor reducers transferring is variable from 5.1 meters per minute to 15.4 meters per minute, this same crane is used for loading the satin/matte glass packages on trucks for delivering and distribution them.
 10. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, where the system “flag” type for loading and unloading comprising: a system of 6 pneumatic suction cups connected to a vacuum pump of a ¼ of H.P. with capacity of up to 500 kilograms, pneumatic suction cups are placed on a special framework designed to be able to put in it the container of pieces of glass; they have flexible movements and they turn 360°, because they are placed to an endless bullet mold to a chain-hoist by cable, this permit them horizontal and vertical movements on the rail of “flag” type system. This system is sufficiently versatile to be able to take the pieces of glass in vertical and horizontal form, or in any angle, besides it puts the sheets of glass in the container throughout rail.
 11. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, whose the glass pieces/sheets containers were designed with the following technical and functional specifications: rectangular tubular steel profile (ptr) of 7.5 cm. by 5.8 cm., the formulation covering has polyester thyxotropic resin accelerated with a catalyzer like methyl-ethyl-ketone peroxide in dimethyl ftalate at 50%, for avoiding the acid attack. Also it has movable pivots made in plate and bar of high density polyethylene placed on the superior and lateral framework of the container of glass pieces; in the inferior part has a bar or plate of polypropylene or polyethylene (69 cm. in length, 5 cm. in width and 2.54 cm. in length), which has been grooved, 3 cm. of distance between groove and groove.
 12. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, whose the crane and the chain-hoist has variable-speed of elevation from 0.5 m/minute to 5.2 m/minute and its speed of transferring is variable from 5.2 m/minute to 15.4 m/minute.
 13. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, whose chemical solutions containers used in the process are constructed by brick, concrete and steel and have a special thickness of wall, have a cement layer of special thickness and a biphenolic resin layer with fiber glass of special thickness. They have a covering that resist the acid attack made by a plate of polypropylene of 0.635 cm. of thickness, these welded plates form a container or plate of polyethylene of high density. The containers have a stirring system with movement for homogenizing the chemical solutions through compressed air provided by a compressor of 135 psi, 30 amperes and 2.5 H.P.
 14. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, comprising a encapsulated structure made by an structure of polyethylene with rectangular tubular steel profile (ptr) of 5.8 cm; this encapsulated structure permits to control the gas emanation.
 15. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, comprising a set of extractors, transporters and gas emanation; the washers consist of two gas washers with four extractors each one, each extractor has an extraction of 800 cubic meters per hour; whose transport the gas emanation through the ducts until gas washer for neutralizing them, at the rate of 6400 cubic meters per hour. The neutralizing solution has sodium hydroxide to 4%; the operation volume is of 200 liters and permits to eliminate neutral and no reactive gas emanation through the chimneys; said chimneys have a port for analyzing gas samples, in order to renew and to maintain the level of the neutralizing solution and its concentration.
 16. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, whose drying chamber is continuous and has a special design, development, use, manufacture and application; it works with L.P. gas, natural gas and/or electrical resistance, the range of temperature is from 35° C. to 60° C., during 2 to 3.5 hours. It has a capacity for loading 3 glass containers, it means 7500 kilograms of glass. Another form for drying the finished pieces of glass is employing to room temperature and using a horizontal or vertical washing-dried machine.
 17. System to produce a chemical process for obtaining float glass with satin/matte finish by immersion as claim in 8, whose pumps and special recipient are made with PVC, and covering with high density polyethylene or propylene and polypropylene, whose are resistant to the acid attack.
 18. Float glass with satin/matte finish produced by immersion in a chemical process claimed from 1, comprising total or partial pieces of glass with satin/matte finish either on one or both glass sides (atmospheric side and tinned side); glass sheets having standard, special or variable dimensions, thicknesses, colours, uses and applications including mirror sheets depending on the type of painting are managed with the same satin/matte process without any protection and the same conditions.
 19. Float glass with satin/matte finish produced by immersion in a chemical process claimed from 1, comprising total or partial pieces of glass with satin/matte finish either on one or both sides of the glass (atmospheric side and tinned side); glass sheets having standard, special or variable dimensions, thicknesses, colours, uses and applications including two mirror sheets depending on the type of painting, are managed of simultaneously manner joining both painting sides applying: a) a pneumatic seal with vacuum pressure resistant to acid attack which is made with nitrile or synthetic rubber (Viton™). b) a seal of silicone rubber with chemical agents resistant to the acid attack. c) sticky double side tape with acrylic type sticky resistant to acid attack, placed on the glass edges and reinforced with impermeable sticky tape used in air conditioned duct resistant to the acid attack. d) Also the mirror we can satin/matte it covering the painting side with auto-adhesive film type polyethylene placing on the glass edges and reinforced with an impermeable sticky tape used in air conditioned duct, both of them resistant to the acid attack.
 20. Float glass with satin/matte finish produced by immersion in a chemical process claimed from 1, comprising pieces of glass with total or partial satin/matte finish on one side of the sheets (atmospheric side or tinned side). The applications including two sheets managed of simultaneously manner joining both painting sides, applying: a) a pneumatic seal with vacuum pressure resistant to acid attack which is made with nitrile or synthetic rubber (Viton™). b) a seal of silicone rubber with chemical agents resistant to the acid attack. c) sticky double side tape with acrylic type sticky resistant to acid attack, placed on the glass edges and reinforced with impermeable sticky tape used in air conditioned duct resistant to the acid attack. d) Also the mirror we can satin/matte it covering the painting side with auto-adhesive film type polyethylene placing on the glass edges and reinforced with an impermeable sticky tape used in air conditioned duct, both of them resistant to the acid attack. 